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(No Modeij) 7 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. A. BARRETT.

GALVANIG BATTERY.

No. 374,863. Patented Dec. 13,1887.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. A. BARRETT;

GALVANIC BATTERY. No. 374,863. Patented Dec. 13, 1887.

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7447778$6Jl ,fiww7?orx UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. BARRETT, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

GALVANIC BATTERY.

GPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 374,863, dated December 13, 1887.

Application filed April 13,1985. Renewed October 12, 1887. Serial No. 252,149. -(No model.)

require.

My invention consists in the novel combinations and the specific details of construction thatwill be described in connection with the accompanying drawings,and then pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a plan of a battery constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan with the top plate, which I employ to protect the connecting or clamping devices from injury or disturbance, removed. Fig. 3 isa vertical longitudinal section through the battery-case and through one of the devices by which adjoining cells of battery are connected, and by which also a terminal may be furnished for connection to an outside circuit. Fig. 4. is an elevation of one of the battery-cells. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the same. Fig. 6 is a plan of one of the cells detached from the plate, to which the caps or covers for the various cells making up the battery are secured. Fig. 7 is an elevation of an upper portion of one of the cells, showing it secured to the common plate. Fig. 8 is adetail view.

A indicates the casing of the battery,which casing may be made of wood or any other desired material, and contains the battery-cells, B B, 850. The cells are preferably made of hard rubber, although I of course do notlimit myself in this respect, and they might be made of any other material.

The caps or covers for the batterycells are indicated at C C, &e. They are screwed, attached to, or formed u ponaplate or diaphragm, D, preferably of some insulating materialsuch as hard rubber-and also of a size to fit snugly within the box or casing A.

The manner of securing the caps or covers 0 to the plate D-is not material; but I prefer to employ the devices shown, and consisting simply of screws E E, passing down through the plate D and entering the cap 0. In order to provide an air-space between the cap 0, from which the connections from the battery elements emerge, and the plate D, upon the top of which the clamping devices are located, I separate the cap 0 from the plate by blocks or-washers of preferably insulating material, (indicated at F.)

The connecting-wires from the battery elements are shown at G G. They pass through perforations in the cap 0 across the space between the plate D and the cap 0, and then through openings in the plate D. They fit tightly in the openings in the plate D, so as to thereby prevent as far as possible the access of moisture from the battery to the connections upon the top of the plate D. The space between the plate D and the cap 0 allows free circulation of air around the wires or connections G at thatpoint, and thereby causes a dispersion or evaporation in the liquid or moisture that may arise through the cap upon the wires G G.

The elements within the battery may be of any desired kind. Those shown in Fig. 5 consist simply of a zinc plate, H, and a silver plate or element inclosed in a porous envelope, (indicated at I.) The elements are separated by an insulating-block, of wood or other material, (indicated at K,)and are held together by a rubber band or other devices, (indicated at L.)

The battery-cells are individually detachable for permitting renewal of the battery liquids or withdrawal of the battery elements from their support. For this purpose "the cells proper are connected with the cap G'by a screw-joint or by other tightly-fitting connection, as indicated in Fig. 5. \Vhen the liquid is to be renewed in any cell, the plate D is lifted out of the case A with the attached cells, and then any one or more of the cells may be removed or opened by simply unscrewing them from the caps. A slot is formed in the bottom of the cells, as indicated at m, which receives a key to assist in unscrewing the cap and cell.

To remove the battery elements, the connections G G, which, as will be presently described, are bent down for the purpose of making the connection from one to the other, are straightened, and may then be drawn through openings in the cap and in the plate D. Passing up through the plate D are clamping and connecting studs or pins M M, formed at their lower ends beneath the plate with heads to prevent them from drawing upward, and at their top ends suitably conformed to receive a cap or sleeve of conducting material, N, (indicated at Fig. 1,) forming the terminal of a flexible conducting-cord. A portion of the studs or pins M, near the plate D, have a screw-thread formed thereon, as indicated at P, for the reception of clamping-nuts Q. These nuts serve to make the connection from the positive element of one cell to the negative element of the other, and are provided, preferably, with washers B, which bear upon the conmeeting-wires G, the latter being turned down upon the face of the plate D, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2. To prevent disturbance of the clamping-nuts or other devices upon the pins M, I apply a second cover-plate of insulating material, (indicated at S,)which is perforated at the proper points to allow the pin M to project through, and is preferably of a size which will fit into the box or casing A.

Upon the plate S are inscribed numbers, as shown in Fig. 1, corresponding to the number of the battery-cells in the series as formed by connecting them through the clamping devices applied upon the pins M. By this means the operator may select any desired batteries or series of battery-cells for the particular work desired.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In a battery,the combinatiomwith a series of battery caps or covers mounted on a common support or plate, of a series of battery-cells individually and detachably secured to the caps or covers, so that each cell is securely sealed, but may be detached without disturbing any other cell of the series.

2. The combination, with a plate, D, of insulating material, of a series of battery-cells, B, each having its cap G secured to the plate D and connected to the cell proper, B, by a screw-joint.

' 3. The combination, with a galvanic battery, of a plate or diaphragm supported above the cap or cover of the battery,so as to leave an air-space between them, and connections from the battery elements passing through said airspace and through openings in the plate to the upper side thereof, as and for the purpose described.

4:. In a galvanic battery, a connecting pin or stud suitably formed at one end to receive the terminal ofa flexible conductor and having at an intermediate portion of its length a screw thread upon which is applied a clamping-nut,

said stud being secured to a suitable support and having connections from the battery elements fastened by the clamping-nut.

5. The combination, with the plate D, of insulating material, of the battery-cells B, supported thereby, the separating-blocks F, and the clamping and connecting pins or studs M, applied to the plate D and provided with the clamping-nuts, as and for the purpose described.

6. The combination, with the battery having the clamping and connecting studs or pins provided with the clamping-nuts, as described, of thesupplemental protecting-plate R, of insulating material, perforatedto permit the pins to project through, as and for the purpose described.

7. The combination, with a plate, D, located above the batttery-cover proper, of studs or pins M, having their heads on the under side of said plate in a space out offfrom the interior of thebattery-cell and provided on the upper side of said plate with suitable clamping devices for holding the connecting-conductors from the battery, as described.

. 8. In abattery, the combination, w ith a plate, D,of two or more battery caps or covers fastened to said plate and a corresponding number of separate battery-cells individually secured to said covers, as described, so that any cell may be removed without detaching the others.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 9th day of April, A. D. 1885.

JOHN A. BARRETT.

\Vitnesses:

THOS. TooMEY, WM. H. BLAIN. 

